“The Prayer in the First Congress,” 1774. Stained glass and lead, from The Liberty Window, Christ Church, Philadelphia. (Photo courtesy U.S. Library of Congress) One of the common arguments used to refute the idea that the United States is a Christian nation is the claim that many of the Founding Fathers were Deists. However, this claim is exaggerated. The overwhelming majority of the Founders were Christians, affiliated with various Protestant denominations, and publicly identified with Christian belief. A few had Deist leanings, expressing skepticism toward specific doctrines, but only two, Thomas Paine and Ethan Allen, explicitly renounced Christianity in favor of Deism. Deism is the belief in a creator who does not intervene in human affairs, rejects revealed religion and miracles, and emphasizes reason and…
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